Ewondo (Yaunde) People: The Master Copy Inhabitants Of Yaounde, The Working Capital Alphabetic Quality Of Cameroon

Ewondo or Yaunde are rain-forest agro-fishery together with Kolo-speaking people of the larger Beti-Pahuin ethnic grouping of Bantu root residing predominantly at Yaounde, the Capital metropolis of Cameroon. In fact, Cameroon`s working capital missive of the alphabet metropolis Yaounde was named after them.

Beautiful Ewondo woman

The larger Beti-Pahuin or Beti-Ekang aboriginal Bantu grouping are located pelting wood regions of Cameroon, Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, together with São Tomé together with Príncipe. Though they separate themselves into several private clans, they all portion a mutual origin, history together with culture. They are divided into iii major groups together with a small-scale ones. The outset grouping, called the Beti, consists of the Ewondo (more exactly Kolo), Bane, Fang (more exactly M'fang), Mbida-Mbane, Mvog-Nyenge, together with Eton (or Iton). The Eton are farther subdivided into the Eton-Beti, Eton-Beloua, together with Beloua-Eton. The Fang (or Fan) shape the minute group. Individual ethnic groups include the Fang proper, the Ntumu, the Mvae, together with the Okak. Fang territories receive at the southern border of Republic of Cameroon due south of Kribi, Djoum, together with Mvangan inwards the South Province together with proceed due south across the border, including all of Rio Muni inwards Republic of Equatorial Republic of Guinea together with due south into Gabonese Republic together with Congo.

Ewondo adult woman from Cameroon

The 3rd grouping is called the Bulu together with makes upwards virtually a 3rd of all Beti-Pahuin inwards Cameroon. The Bulu include the Bulu proper of Sangmélima, Kribi, together with Ebolowa, the Fong together with Zaman of the Dja River valley, the Yengono, Yembama together with Yelinda of the Nyong River valley, together with the Yesum, Yebekanga, Yekebolo, together with Mvele.
In addition, several other peoples are currently existence assimilated or "Pahuinised" past times their Beti-Pahuin neighbours. These include the Manguissa, Yekaba, Bamvele, Evuzok, Batchanga (Tsinga), Omvang, Yetude, and, to some extent, the Baka.
Ewondo people which belongs to the outset group, Beti, can besides live found inwards the eastern Mefou sectionalization together with the Mfoundi together with Nyong together with So divisions inwards the Centre Province. The residuum of their territory lies inwards the northern portions of the Ocean sectionalization inwards the South Province.
Historically, Ewondo similar all Beti-Pahuin groups originated inwards the forests due south of the Sanaga River, non far from their electrical current territory. At some dot they crossed the Sanaga together with moved northward until they reached the upper Kadéï River. They shortly came nether assault at that spot from the Vute or Mbum people, together with thus they fled farther northward to the eastern Adamawa Plateau. The groups would non stay at that spot long, however. Their migration coincided with the jihad together with Fulbe (Fula) conquests of Usman Dan Fodio together with his lieutenant, Modibo Adama, inwards the early on 19th century. Under pressure level from Fulbe raiders, the Vute moved ane time to a greater extent than into Beti-Pahuin lands, together with the Beti-Pahuin were forced to relocate ane time again. They moved due south together with due west inwards a serial of waves. The outset grouping included the Bulu together with Fang, who split somewhere close what is today the town of Ebolowa.

Ewondo city, Yaounde, the Capital town of Cameroon

The Bulu followed the Nyong River westward, piece the Fang turned due south together with followed the Dja River valley into the southernmost territories of modern Republic of Cameroon together with into the expanse of present-day Gabonese Republic together with Equatorial Guinea. Then the Ntumu together with Mvae (Fang subgroups) moved toward present-day Gabon. The Beti, including the Ewondo, moved due south inwards the concluding moving ridge together with settled northward of their Bulu together with Fang relatives.

Ewondo people of Yaounde, Cameroon

The Ewondo are known for their Bikutsi dancing musical genre from Cameroon. The discussion 'bikutsi' literally way 'beat the earth' or 'let's shell the earth' (bi- indicates a plural, -kut- way 'to beat' together with -si way 'earth'.) The mention indicates a trip the low-cal fantastic that is accompanied past times stomping the feet on the ground. In its modern form, bikutsi is really popular, together with rivals makossa every bit the country's most renowned style. Popular bikutsi outset appeared inwards the 1940s with the recording of Anne-Marie Nzie. Some 20 years later, the trend was electrified with the add-on of keyboards together with guitars.

"The Voice of Gold" together with "The Queen Mother of Bikutsi": these are the phrases that are used to refer to Anne-Marie Nzie.

The most pop performer of this menstruum was Messi Me Nkonda Martin, frontman for Los Camaroes together with known every bit "the virile someone raise of modern bikutsi music"International acclaim began inwards 1987 with the formation of Les Têtes Brûlées past times Jean Marie Ahanda. The piece of cake guitarist of Les Têtes Brulées, Zanzibar, invented the fox of damping the strings of his guitar with a strip of foam condom to make the music's feature balafon-like thunk. (The balafon is a marimba-like musical instrument that is widely used inwards African folk music.) More modern performers include Jimmy Mvondo Mvelé together with Mbarga Soukous.
Present-day bikutsi every bit performed past times artists similar Lady Ponce, K-Tino, Racine Sagath together with Natascha Bizo is sometimes regarded every bit controversial. It has been criticized for the perceived sexual content of its lyrics together with dancing style. In this abide by bikutsi resembles mapouka from Côte d'Ivoire, which is besides considered indecent past times many Africans. The main divergence is that nowadays solar daytime bikutsi is soundless oftentimes performed past times woman someone artists who utilization it every bit a way of self-expression inwards a traditionally male-dominated society.
Thus a vocalist similar K-Tino, self-styled femme du peuple (woman of the people) sees herself every bit having an of import business office to play inwards the emancipation together with liberation of the women of Cameroon.
Among the electrical current crop of artists are Patou Bass together with Ovasho Bens, the promoter of a trip the low-cal fantastic together with philosophy called "zig zag". His outset album is composed non solely of Cameroonian traditional rhythms simply besides West Indian zouk together with Jamaïcan-style reggae.
Bikutsi has influenced Western musicians such every bit Paul Simon on his album Rhythm of the Saints.
The Ewondo are besides known for their traditional Nkul drum, every bit a effect they are popularly known every bit "the People of Drum of God." It is said that inwards the past, the shell of an nkul, a wooden slit drum, reverberates at dawn to a greater extent than or less together with through the trees together with houses of the Ewondo people.

Ewondo man
Language
Ewondo people (or Kolo-Beti) verbalize Ewondo or Kolo linguistic communication which is Bantu linguistic communication that belongs to the larger Niger-Congo linguistic communication family. Ewondo is besides a merchandise language. Dialects include Badjia (Bakjo), Bafeuk, Bamvele (Mvele, Yezum, Yesoum), Bane, Beti, Enoah, Evouzok, Fong, Mbida-Bani, Mvete, Mvog-Niengue, Omvang, Yabekolo (Yebekolo), Yabeka, together with Yabekanga. Ewondo speakers alive primarily inwards Cameroon's Centre Region together with the northern business office of the Océan sectionalization inwards the South Region.
It is a dialect of the Beti linguistic communication (Yaunde-Fang), together with is intelligible with Bulu, Eton, together with Fang.
In 2011 at that spot was a trouble organisation alongside Cameroonian linguists that the linguistic communication was existence displaced inwards the province past times French.
Apart from Kolo, Ewondo people verbalize Ewondo Populair, which is a Beti-based pidgin of Cameroon, spoken inwards the expanse of the working capital missive of the alphabet Yaoundé.
“Ba kar ki loué nvou live bele nding.” (proverb ewondo)
“On n’appelle pas le chien avec le fouet.” (proverbe ewondo)
“One does non telephone yell upwards a domestic dog with a whip.” (Ewondo proverb)
Meaning: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 hateful someone cannot claim to desire to get together together with reconcile people.

Europeans Arrival together with Ewondo people
The Ewondo together with their other Beti-Pahuin relatives` migrations besides coincided with the apex of European merchandise off the Cameroonian coast. The newly claimed jungle together with near-coastal territories of the Beti-Pahuin allowed them to ensconce themselves into a lucrative purpose every bit middlemen; inwards central for European goods, they provided items such every bit kola nuts, ivory, together with slaves. After the institution of a British naval presence inwards 1827 to hinder the West African slave trade, Beti-Pahuin merchants widened their operations to include such products every bit palm kernels together with condom (though slaves continued to live sold secretly).
Beginning inwards 1887, High German colonisers penetrated Beti-Pahuin territory to search for individuals to enslave on their coastal plantations. They besides stopped the coastward migration of the peoples. Meanwhile, the French stopped farther Fang penetration into their colony at Gabon, though the Fang of Republic of Equatorial Republic of Guinea continued unimpeded toward the body of body of water together with began using copper together with Fe money introduced past times the Spanish.
In time, the Germans expanded their Cameroonian plantations inland, together with the Beti-Pahuin formed the easiest together with most accessible source of enslaved labour to function them, to develop the accompanying route network, together with to serve every bit sexual prisoners for the High German overseers. The Germans besides outlawed or tried to suppress native customs that they deemed "barbaric" or unsavoury, such every bit the sacrifice of a chief's wives after his expiry together with the sso initiation rite.[citation needed] Among these alleged barbaric practices the Germans were to outlaw, slavery together with sexual exploitation at the hands of the Germans was non ane of them.
It was non long earlier the Beti-Pahuin showed resistance. The Bulus revolted first, inwards 1891. Their main electrical charge was that the coming of the Germans had stripped them of their profitable seat every bit traders. The rebellion was squelched inwards 1895. Later that year, Ewondo chiefs of the Mvog Betsi clan were deemed "disruptive" together with whipped earlier their village. In response, the villagers killed the men who did the whipping, together with the Ewondos rose upwards over the insult. This rebellion lasted less than a twelvemonth earlier the Germans suppressed it. Elements of the Bane together with Mbidambani besides led rebellions.
In answer to these aggressive actions, the Germans instigated a policy of removing uncooperative chiefs from ability together with propping upwards puppet rulers together with paramount chiefs inwards their places. The most good known illustration of this is the 1911 solar daytime of the month of the German-sympathiser together with interpreter Charles Atangana, a fellow member of the Mvog Atemenge sub-lineage, every bit paramount primary of the Ewondo together with Bane. The Bulu feared that their merchandise relations together with autonomy would live threatened past times Atangana's appointment. Martin-Paul Samba led an uprising inwards 1912, simply it was quelled.
French colonial dominion of Republic of Cameroon began inwards 1916 together with largely followed inwards the High German mold. Plantations multiplied together with expanded every bit the French concentrated chiefly on cocoa. Meanwhile, the Beti-Pahuin continued to provide a meaning source of gratuitous labour. The French besides maintained a organisation of indoctrinating together with installing handpicked tribal rulers. However, every bit French Republic granted increasing levels of self-rule to its African holdings, the Beti-Pahuin were quick to seize upon it. An early on illustration was the Bulu tribal union, a grouping of representatives from all clans who met to found mutual tribal policies.
Since the halt of the colonial menstruum inwards the 1960s, the Beti-Pahuin convey succeeded inwards making themselves politically of import inwards both Republic of Cameroon together with Equatorial Guinea. Likewise, the Fang brand upwards some 80-90% of the population of Equatorial Guinea, which has allowed them to move politically dominant inwards that country. The large release of Beti-Pahuin involved inwards lucrative enterprises such every bit cocoa together with java farming besides lends them a rigid economical influence.

Yaounde ladies
Economy
Most Ewondo people keep an agrarian lifestyle. Manioc together with maize shape the staple crops with plantains, yams, together with groundnuts besides playing a vital purpose (in fact, "Ewondo" together with "Yaoundé" hateful "groundnut"). Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 multifariousness of wood products, such every bit greens, insects, mushrooms, together with diverse palm products, supplements the diet. Livestock is limited to small-scale animals that may live left to provender unattended, such every bit goats, pigs, together with chickens.
Fishing is fundamental to the lives of many Beti-Pahuin, especially inwards Republic of Equatorial Republic of Guinea together with São Tomé together with Príncipe. Toward Yaoundé inwards Republic of Cameroon together with other large towns, bushmeat forms a substantial shape of income for many villagers, who sell their kills to passing vehicles for sale inwards the urban centres. The Ewondos farther northward oftentimes detect function every bit unskilled labour, every bit their surround is much to a greater extent than urbanised.
As piece of cake every bit the colonial period, many Beti-Pahuin were highly skilled workers inwards wood, ivory, together with soapstone. They were especially noted for their lively masks. Today, however, really petty of this traditional arts and crafts is soundless pursued, though missionary groups convey encouraged some carvers to proceed to exercise with an optic toward the tourist market.