Egbado (Yewa) People: Artisan Stuff Processing Yoruba Sub-Group Known For Their Mystical Gelede Masquerade As Well As Cloak-And-Dagger Society
The Egbado people also straight off known equally Yewa, are amalgamated agriculturalists too artisan textile processing Yoruboid-speaking people that forms a sub-set of the Larger Yoruba ethnic group, inhabiting the eastern expanse of Ogun West Senatorial District, Ogun State, inward south-west Nigeria, West Africa. In 1995, the Egbado people changed their elevate to the Yewa, which is the elevate of the River Yewa that passes through their land. Yewa ethnic grouping straight off comprises iv local Governments: Yewa-South, Yewa-North, Imeko-Afon too Ipokia piece the Ado-Odo/Ota LGA forms the fifth Awori component of the senatorial district
Egbado (Yewa) Egungun Masquerade, Alabala Type, Nigeria
Unlike other Yoruba sub-ethnic groups that points at exclusively Ile Ife equally their master home, the Egbado people seem to receive got migrated from unlike places - maybe from the Ketu, Ile-Ife, or Oyo - to their electrical current expanse early on inward the 18th century. Historically, Egbado people lived inward the of Egbaland close River Ogun. Their elevate Egbado was contracted from Egbaluwe, "the wanderers towards the river- in all probability an allusion towards the river Yewa, which runs through their terra firma to the lagoon at Badagry.
The novel Olu of Ilaro, His Royal Majesty, Oba Kehinde Gbadewole Olugbenle, Asade Agunloye IV too his people
Tradition of their rootage is their oldest towns are Ilobi too Erinja, who receive got traditions of migration from Ife via Ketu. The Ilobi, indeed, claim that their ancestor , Onidokun Leke, was a fellow member of Oduduwa`s house. The afterward arrivals inward the expanse were Ado too Ipokia, of Awori too Anago descent respectively. Other Egbado towns such equally Egan, Igua, Aiyetoro receive got been founded yesteryear a\Anago groups moving - or possibly, returning- eastwards from Dahomey.
Egbado (Yewa) Gelede Society Daytime Masquerades Resting earlier Performance,Yoruba, Idahin Town, Ketu Region, Nigeria, 1971.
Egbado towns, most importantly Ilaro, Ayetoro, Imeko, Ipokia too Igbogila, were established inward the 18th century to receive got wages of the slave merchandise routes from the inland Oyo empire to the coast at Porto-Novo. Other towns were Ilobi too Ijanna, which were strategic inward protecting the flanks of the slaving routes. The Egbado were dependent plain to the dominion of the Oyo kingdom, which managed them via governor Onisare of Ijanna. The Oyo were unable to deploy their cavalry forcefulness to protect the routes, due to tsetse wing too lack of horse-fodder - too hence had to rely on the Egbado to create produce the routes. The historians Akinjogbin, Morton-Williams too Smith all concord that yesteryear the early on 18th century this road to the coast was heavily engaged inward slave trading, too that slaves were the mainstay of the Oyo economy.
In the Olden days of Yoruba mighty Oyo Kingdom, they were real loyal subjects of the Alafin earlier the revolution that altered the political province of the country. The Olu or Rex of Ilaro was the greatest Rex of the Egbados, having almost 443 ruling chiefs nether him, himself a crowned vassal of Oyo. The Egbado were dependent plain to frequent attacks from other groups such equally the slave-raiding Dahomey (who seized, with others, Princess Sara Forbes Bonetta), too diverse tribes who wished to forcefulness opened upward their ain slave-trading routes to the sea.
The ancient custom was for the Alafin to crown a novel Olu every iii years. After the expiration of his term of role the retiring Olu was to receive got 10 of his immature wives, too whatsoever else he chose too operate along to the metropolis, too in that location to pass the relaxation of-his days inward peace. There was a quarter of the metropolis assigned to them known equally Oke Olu (the quarter of the Olus).
The parting betwixt these immature wives too their mothers was most touching. The relatives to a greater extent than ofttimes than non accompanied them equally far equally to Jiga , too the wailings too lamentations on such
occasions were equally i mourning for the dead.
By the 1840s the Egbado had come upward nether the command of the side yesteryear side Egba group, who used the Egbado territory to forge routes to Badagry too the port of Lagos. By the 1860s the Egba abandoned the road because the British were actively using their formidable navy to attempt to abolish the slave trade. As a upshot the Egba expelled British missionaries too traders from the expanse inward 1867.
After 1890 the Egbado asked for a British protectorate too got a pocket-size armed garrison, hence becoming independent of the Egba. The expanse became component of the British Colony too Protectorate of Nigeria inward 1914, equally Egbado Division inward Abeokuta Province. The administrative headquarters were afterward transferred away, after the creation of the novel Ogun State subsumed the old Abeokuta Province.
In the twelvemonth 1902 the caput primary of Ifo died, an Egbado town almost six hours distant from Ilaro. Sir William MacGregor, too then Governor of Lagos, asked the chiefs of the town who their overlord was, to appoint a successor, they replied the Alafin of Oyo. He was much puzzled at this. He told them he was likewise far, they
had ameliorate apply to the Alake of Abeokuta. Evidently they at to the lowest degree were non affected yesteryear the revolution.
The Egbado are known for developing a pop means of music, called Bolojo, inward the 1970s. Their population degree is uncertain, simply may survive unopen to 500,000.
Egbado speaks North-West Yoruba (NWY) dialect which is also spoken yesteryear Abẹokuta, Ibadan, Ọyọ, Ogun too Lagos (Eko) areas.
Nigeria - Yoruba Gelede Mask (Art Institute of Chicago). Nigeria (Egbado region) Yoruba peoples. Headdress for Gelede (Igi) Early/mid-20th century
Gelede of porcupine, Egbado-Yoruba, Nigeria, 1978. Photo yesteryear H.J. Drewal too M.T. Drewal. Submitted yesteryear Henry Drewal.
Animals inward other Gelede masks may survive used for satiric purposes to criticize antisocial actions or attributes. Porcupines, because of their voracious appetites too slow, sluggish movement, are sometimes a metaphor for gluttonous or selfish persons. A headdress depicting a plump porcupine devouring a corncob conveys its greed too hence warns/reminds the audience almost proper social behavior.
source:http://africa.uima.uiowa.edu/topic-essays/show/13
http://www.studyblue.com/notes/note/n/exam-2/deck/9083712
Egbado (Yewa) Egungun Masquerade, Alabala Type, Nigeria
Unlike other Yoruba sub-ethnic groups that points at exclusively Ile Ife equally their master home, the Egbado people seem to receive got migrated from unlike places - maybe from the Ketu, Ile-Ife, or Oyo - to their electrical current expanse early on inward the 18th century. Historically, Egbado people lived inward the of Egbaland close River Ogun. Their elevate Egbado was contracted from Egbaluwe, "the wanderers towards the river- in all probability an allusion towards the river Yewa, which runs through their terra firma to the lagoon at Badagry.
The novel Olu of Ilaro, His Royal Majesty, Oba Kehinde Gbadewole Olugbenle, Asade Agunloye IV too his people
Tradition of their rootage is their oldest towns are Ilobi too Erinja, who receive got traditions of migration from Ife via Ketu. The Ilobi, indeed, claim that their ancestor , Onidokun Leke, was a fellow member of Oduduwa`s house. The afterward arrivals inward the expanse were Ado too Ipokia, of Awori too Anago descent respectively. Other Egbado towns such equally Egan, Igua, Aiyetoro receive got been founded yesteryear a\Anago groups moving - or possibly, returning- eastwards from Dahomey.
Egbado (Yewa) Gelede Society Daytime Masquerades Resting earlier Performance,Yoruba, Idahin Town, Ketu Region, Nigeria, 1971.
Egbado towns, most importantly Ilaro, Ayetoro, Imeko, Ipokia too Igbogila, were established inward the 18th century to receive got wages of the slave merchandise routes from the inland Oyo empire to the coast at Porto-Novo. Other towns were Ilobi too Ijanna, which were strategic inward protecting the flanks of the slaving routes. The Egbado were dependent plain to the dominion of the Oyo kingdom, which managed them via governor Onisare of Ijanna. The Oyo were unable to deploy their cavalry forcefulness to protect the routes, due to tsetse wing too lack of horse-fodder - too hence had to rely on the Egbado to create produce the routes. The historians Akinjogbin, Morton-Williams too Smith all concord that yesteryear the early on 18th century this road to the coast was heavily engaged inward slave trading, too that slaves were the mainstay of the Oyo economy.
In the Olden days of Yoruba mighty Oyo Kingdom, they were real loyal subjects of the Alafin earlier the revolution that altered the political province of the country. The Olu or Rex of Ilaro was the greatest Rex of the Egbados, having almost 443 ruling chiefs nether him, himself a crowned vassal of Oyo. The Egbado were dependent plain to frequent attacks from other groups such equally the slave-raiding Dahomey (who seized, with others, Princess Sara Forbes Bonetta), too diverse tribes who wished to forcefulness opened upward their ain slave-trading routes to the sea.
Famous Egbado woman, Princess Sara Forbes Bonetta
The ancient custom was for the Alafin to crown a novel Olu every iii years. After the expiration of his term of role the retiring Olu was to receive got 10 of his immature wives, too whatsoever else he chose too operate along to the metropolis, too in that location to pass the relaxation of-his days inward peace. There was a quarter of the metropolis assigned to them known equally Oke Olu (the quarter of the Olus).
The parting betwixt these immature wives too their mothers was most touching. The relatives to a greater extent than ofttimes than non accompanied them equally far equally to Jiga , too the wailings too lamentations on such
occasions were equally i mourning for the dead.
By the 1840s the Egbado had come upward nether the command of the side yesteryear side Egba group, who used the Egbado territory to forge routes to Badagry too the port of Lagos. By the 1860s the Egba abandoned the road because the British were actively using their formidable navy to attempt to abolish the slave trade. As a upshot the Egba expelled British missionaries too traders from the expanse inward 1867.
One of "our mothers," an elderly priestess of the goddess Odua, Egbado-Yoruba, Nigeria, 1975. Photo yesteryear H. J. Drewal too M. T. Drewal.
Gelede pays homage to the spiritual powers of women, peculiarly elderly women known affectionately equally "our mothers," awon iya wa. The powers possessed yesteryear such women, comparable to those of the gods, spirits, or ancestors, may survive used for the produce goodness or the devastation of society. When manifesting their destructive dimension such elderly women are termed aje ("witches"). If angered, they tin convey downwardly individuals too entire communities.
After 1890 the Egbado asked for a British protectorate too got a pocket-size armed garrison, hence becoming independent of the Egba. The expanse became component of the British Colony too Protectorate of Nigeria inward 1914, equally Egbado Division inward Abeokuta Province. The administrative headquarters were afterward transferred away, after the creation of the novel Ogun State subsumed the old Abeokuta Province.
In the twelvemonth 1902 the caput primary of Ifo died, an Egbado town almost six hours distant from Ilaro. Sir William MacGregor, too then Governor of Lagos, asked the chiefs of the town who their overlord was, to appoint a successor, they replied the Alafin of Oyo. He was much puzzled at this. He told them he was likewise far, they
had ameliorate apply to the Alake of Abeokuta. Evidently they at to the lowest degree were non affected yesteryear the revolution.
The Egbado are known for developing a pop means of music, called Bolojo, inward the 1970s. Their population degree is uncertain, simply may survive unopen to 500,000.
Egbado speaks North-West Yoruba (NWY) dialect which is also spoken yesteryear Abẹokuta, Ibadan, Ọyọ, Ogun too Lagos (Eko) areas.
Gelede of a mat seller, Egbado-Yoruba, Nigeria, 1977. Photo yesteryear H.J. Drewal too M.T. Drewal. Submitted yesteryear Henry Drewal.
This Gelede portrays a woman someone mat seller. Mats, woven too dyed yesteryear women, are an of import marketplace particular created inward several Egbado-Yoruba towns from where they are transported to diverse markets inward the region. Here a mat is folded too balanced on the woman's head. The stuff costume, created with headties borrowed from women inward the community, signifies their back upward too approbation for the performer, his family, too the larger community. Notice the flywhisk inward his manus too the leg rattles at his ankles—both are used to embellish his trip the low-cal fantastic movements, intensifying too accentuating the intricate rhythms of the drummed phrases.
Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 immature Gelede performer, Egbado-Yoruba, Nigeria, 1978. Photo yesteryear H.J. Drewal too M.T. Drewal. Submitted yesteryear Henry Drewal.
The afternoon after Efe dark is reserved for the surgical procedure of an elaborate serial of Gelede maskers whose images too actions embellish too intensify reality to create exaggerated visions of maleness too femaleness too specific social groups too roles. The maskers, all males, impersonate both men too women. The outset to seem are the youngest dancers, enthusiastically encouraged yesteryear friends too relatives who assemble unopen to them equally they attempt their outset steps to the intricate, changing rhythms of the drummers. Their trip the low-cal fantastic instructors inward the Gelede monastic enjoin follow closely, giving advice too encouragement during the performance.
Gelede masker resting during performance, Egbado-Yoruba, Nigeria, 1971. Photo yesteryear H.J. Drewal too M.T. Drewal. Submitted yesteryear Henry Drewal.
Located betwixt the Weme River inward the Republic of Republic of Benin (RPB) too the Ogun River inward southwestern Nigeria, western Yoruba-speaking peoples (Ketu, Egbado, Ohori, too Anago) are renowned for an elaborate masked surgical procedure tradition known equally Gelede. The Ketu-Yoruba people are credited with the conception of Gelede sometime inward the latter component of the eighteenth century according to oral traditions throughout the region. A pop Yoruba proverb proclaims, oju to ba ri Gelede ti de opin iran ("The eyes that receive got seen Gelede, receive got seen the ultimate spectacle!"). Gelede's affective ability too impact comes from its multi-media format inward which the arts of song, dance, costume too music combine to create moving artistic experiences.
NIGERIAN TERRACOTTA VESSEL . Egbado, Yoruba tribe. - eleven 5/8 in. high.
Onidan of Senior Society of Egungun, Egbado-Yoruba
Helmet Mask (Gelede)
Date: 19th–20th century
Geography: Nigeria, Meko region
Culture: Yoruba peoples, Egbado group
Nigeria - Yoruba Gelede Mask (Art Institute of Chicago). Nigeria (Egbado region) Yoruba peoples. Headdress for Gelede (Igi) Early/mid-20th century
Gelede of porcupine, Egbado-Yoruba, Nigeria, 1978. Photo yesteryear H.J. Drewal too M.T. Drewal. Submitted yesteryear Henry Drewal.
Animals inward other Gelede masks may survive used for satiric purposes to criticize antisocial actions or attributes. Porcupines, because of their voracious appetites too slow, sluggish movement, are sometimes a metaphor for gluttonous or selfish persons. A headdress depicting a plump porcupine devouring a corncob conveys its greed too hence warns/reminds the audience almost proper social behavior.
source:http://africa.uima.uiowa.edu/topic-essays/show/13
http://www.studyblue.com/notes/note/n/exam-2/deck/9083712
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